Heavy metals in water bodies purified by suspended substrate of rivers

ＩｎｔｒｏｄｕｃｔｉｏｎＨｅａｖｙｍｅｔａｌｓｉｎｗａｔｅｒｂｏｄｉｅｓａｒｅｓｉｇｎｉｆｉｃａｎｔｌｙｄｉｆｆｅｒｅｎｔｆｒｏｍｏｒｇａｎｉｃｐｏｌｌｕｔａｎｔｓｔｈａｔｃａｎｂｅｍｉｃｒｏｂｉｏｌｏｇｉｃａｌｌｙｄｅｇｒａｄｅｄｏｒｄｅｃｏｍｐｏｓｅｄ .Ｇｅｎｅｒａｌｌｙ ,ｔｈｅｙａｒｅｐｕｒｉｆｉｅｄｔｈｒｏｕｇｈｔｈｅｉｒａｄｓｏｒｐｔｉｏｎｏｎｔｏｓｕｓｐｅｎｄｅｄｓｕｂｓｔｒａｔｅｓｉｎｒｉｖｅｒｓ.Ａｄｓｏｒｐｔｉｏｎｏｆｈｅａｖｙｍｅｔａｌｓｏｎｒｉｖｅｒｓｕｓｐｅｎｄｅｄｓｕｂ…     

Kinetics of continuous biodegradation of pesticide organic wastewater by activated carbon-activated sludge

１ＩｎｔｒｏｄｕｃｔｉｏｎＮｏｖｅｌｂｉｏｌｏｇｉｃａｌａｃｔｉｖａｔｅｄｃａｒｂｏｎａｎｄａｃｔｉｖａｔｅｄｓｌｕｄｇｅｓｙｓｔｅｍｈａｓｓｈｏｗｎｉｔｓｅｆｅｃｔｉｖｅａｂｉｌｉｔｙｔｏｒｅｄｕｃｅＣＯＤｉｎｔｏｘｉｃｏｒｇａｎｉｃｗａｓｔｅｗａ...     

LPWCO method for the treatment of high concentrated organic wastewater

Based on wet air oxidation (WAO) and Fenton reagent, thispaper raises a new low pressure wet catalytic oxidation(LPWCO)which requires low pressure for the treatment of highlyconcentrated and refractory organic wastewater. Compared withgeneral wet air oxidation, the pressure of the treatment(0.1-0.6MPa) is only one of tens to percentage of latter(3.5-10MPa). Inaddition, its temperature is no more than 180℃.Compared withFenton reagent, while H2O2/COD(weight ratio) less than 1.2, theremoval of COD in the treatment is over twenty percents more thanFenton's even the value of COD is more than 14000mg/L. In thispaper, we study the effect factor of COD removal and the mechanismof this treatment. The existence of synergistic effect (catalytic oxidation and carbonization) for COD removal in H2SO4-Fenton reagent system under the condition of applied pressure and heating (0.1-0.6MPa, 104-165℃) was verified. The best condition of this disposal are as follows:H2O2/COD(weight ratio)=0.2-1.0, Fe2+ 0.6×10-3 mol, H2SO4 0.5mol, COD>1×104mg/L, the operating pressure is 0.1-0.6MPa and temperature is 104-165℃. This method suit to dispose the high-concentrated refractory wastewater, especially to the wastewater containing H2SO produced in the manufacture of pesticide, dyestuff and petrochemical works.     

区域环评中废水排放量的预测方法研究

阐述了区域环评污染物排放源强的预测原则,对区域开发活动中废水量和COD排放量的预测方法作了详细论述,并以温州滨海新区环评为例作了实证研究.     

稀土酞菁锰对表面活性剂(LAS)的催化氧化性能研究

研究了一种新型含稀土酞菁锰(KCeO2MnPcX)催化剂对水中表面活性剂直链烷基苯磺酸钠(LAS)氧化降解的催化性能,讨论了影响催化氧化反应的各种因素,并确定了最佳反应条件。同时初步探讨了这种催化剂对表面活性剂的催化氧化机理,为处理表面活性剂废水提供了新的途径。     

Optimization of C/N ratio for preparation of protein-rich and multi-enzymes feed thallus through synergic fermentation of mixed distillers'grains

A new procedure of determining optimal C/N (the rate of carbon source to nitrogen source) of mixed distillers' grains for combined bacteria synergic fermentation is established. At the same time an improved method evaluating bacteria growth, called method of dry cell weighing by filtering is developed. For each combination of C and N , their initial and residual contents before and after fermentation respectively are determined. Then followed the calculation of utilization of C and N sources by the compound bacteria. The optimal C/N is finally located from among the utilization of C and N of several combinations and the weight of produced mass of oven-dried thallus The conditions of fermentation are: inoculum size 10%, temperature 30.0℃, rotational speed 170 r/min, shake culture time 48h. The best results obtained from orthogonal experiments are: maximum mass of oven dried thallus is 14.693g in a liter liquid medium, maximum utilization rate of carbon source is 98.13% and maximum utilization rate of nitrogen is 78.14%. Optimal C/N is 5.1.     

SBR系统在张家港港的应用及养护

结合张家港港的实际情况，阐述了ＳＢＲ污水处理系统在张家港港应用的可行性、有效性及使用中ＳＢＲ 系统的养护方法     

低剂量微囊藻毒素亚急性肝毒性及其机理

为了研究低剂量微囊藻毒素 (MC)的亚急性肝毒性及其作用机理 ,将SD大鼠随机分为 4组 ,每组雌雄各 1 0只 ,分别经腹腔注射MC 0 ,4,8,1 2 μg·(kg·d) - 1,3 5天后观察各组大鼠血清酶学和肝脏病理学变化 .用原位末端标记法 (TUNEL)观察肝细胞凋亡 ,并用ABC免疫组化技术检测肝脏增殖细胞核抗原 (PCNA) .结果表明染毒组大鼠血清γ 谷氨酰转移酶 (GGT)活力和全血谷胱甘肽 (GSH)浓度下降 ,血清乳酸脱氢酶 (LDH)和谷草转氨酶(AST)升高 ,谷丙转氨酶 (ALT)未见显著变化 .染毒组大鼠肝脏出现特征性的形态学变化 ,并有活跃的肝细胞凋亡和增生并存的现象 .说明微囊藻毒素引起的氧化损伤和肝细胞凋亡可能是其致肝脏毒性的原因     

石油化工企业灭火中的环境保护

针对近几年来连续发生的石化企业重大火灾后污染水源的恶性事故,在此从消防部队的角度对消防污水的产生与特点进行了探讨,阐述了灭火战斗中注意的问题以及消防污水紧急处置的措施,对石化企业的防火设计及消防监管提出了一些建议,希望消防工作者在致力于消防事业时,同时树立强烈的环保意识,将保护环境作为消防工作的又一目标,力求避免因火灾引发的突发环境事件造成政治、经济和社会方面的重大影响.     

沈阳张士污灌区镉循环的分室模型与污染防治对策研究

对沈阳张士污灌区大气、水、土壤和生物各分室中Ｃｄ的库存量和各分室间Ｃｄ的循环通量进行了研究，建立了土壤－水稻系统中Ｃｄ流分室模型。该模型表明，Ⅱ闸和Ⅲ闸地区土壤分室中Ｃｄ的库存增量均为正值。可见，该污灌区近年来Ｃｄ污染程度由于污水灌溉仍然处于加剧的趋势。研究最后指出，该污灌区Ｃｄ的污染防治对策主要是减少污水灌溉量、进一步降低灌溉水中Ｃｄ的浓度和通过富Ｃｄ植物收获带走Ｃｄ．其中，以野生苋的收获带走Ｃｄ最有意义，它可使Ⅱ闸和Ⅲ闸地区Ｃｄ的下降速率分别依次达到２９．４９和２２．８１ｍｇ／（ｍ￣２·ａ）。